With the growth in social media use, national governments have shifted a piece of their propaganda online to reach a wider audience. This can be done for good reasons, like promoting political participation in elections, but most of the time is used negatively by intelligence agents to persuade users and readers. Since the outcomes of disinformation affect the media system, …

            In recent developments regarding the war between Hamas and Palestine in Gaza, the international community has gathered a number of times in order to discuss a ceasefire agreement for humanitarian causes in order to protect the many civilians whose lives are still at stake in the region.             The world is watching and hoping that many lives can be saved from …

The battle against climate change has reached a critical juncture, with the international community grappling to implement strategies that can mitigate the disastrous impacts of a warming planet. Whilst strides have been made in recent years, not nearly as much as necessary has been achieved. The Paris Agreement, signed in 2015, was a watershed moment in the fight against climate …

The conflict in Israel and Gaza which was re-ignited following the October 7th attacks committed by Hamas is heavily polarised perceivable in media and in public opinion. The different facets of the conflict are put up for debate, a phenomenon which also transpires in multicultural diverse European societies. Indeed, the polarisation of the conflict benefits certain extremist ideologies who are …

Technological innovation has reached a boom since the 1990s advent of the personal computer, which became available to every class of the population. The most recent innovation is however Artificial intelligence (AI), which was welcomed as the solution and simplification of our lives but then generated increasing concern because of its possible negative complications. ChatGPT reached 100 million users in …

            In the last month, the world came to a halt with the escalation of the long-term conflict in Palestine. The attack made by Hamas against Israel in early October, which then led to Israel’s quick self-defense and, even quicker, a series of disproportionate attacks against the Gaza Strip, and all the civilians who were then exposed to the many horrors …

            It is no news that the conflict in the Israel-Palestinian region has been receiving a lot of attention over the last decades; however, the recent attacks have been extremely shocking and have allowed us to see how the development of such a deadly conflict can have unimaginable outcomes for the international community.             As this article is being written, after over …

The European Union as we know today it’s the work of years of reforms and improvements. It started as an economic community, but already there was an idea to transform the institution into a global political power. The European Union dares to call itself peacekeeping actor, despite the well-known failures in past conflict situations, i.e. in the Yugoslav wars of …

Recent coups d’état in the Sahel region have presented again the idea of an ungovernable Africa, still facing post-independence struggles. Yet, the African continent is not the sole example of a difficult democratization process. During the Cold War, even South America faced many golpes. Indeed, military coups are often advanced with the purpose of ending state-sponsored political interferences and other …

Increasingly, technology plays a significant role in how modern conflicts are fought. Always more automated weapons are employed in an attempt to increase efficiency and decrease human losses. Notwithstanding this, the ancient strategy of manipulating vital natural resources remains a common and, unfortunately effective, tool in conflicts. Natural resources are weaponised for political and military gains, psychological terrorism and extortion/incentivisation …