In order to understand the recent happenings between Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as the very root of their relationship, it is mandatory to take a look and their past history, in fact, in the 1890s, the British drew a frontier between Afghanistan and their Indian Empire which came to be known as the Durand Line, keep in mind that …

Once again Turkey finds itself in a currency crisis, In fact, the lira lost more than 40 percent of its value against the United States dollar this year, making it the worst-performing of all emerging market currencies, In November alone, the lira lost nearly 30 percent of its value against the dollar and, sinceTurkish businesses that depend on imported goods …

In 2019, the Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed received the Nobel Peace Prize and was regarded as a regional peacemaker but recently, oddly enough for a Nobel peace prize winner, he has been accused of presiding a protracted civil war that bears the hallmarks of genocide, the displaced people are countless as are the hundreds of thousands of people living …

BRICS – the acronym that has been widely circulated among international arena, is relatively a young union that has been formed in the beginning of the 2000s (Larionova and Kirton, 2018). Initially the acronym BRIC referred to the superpowers such as Brazil, Russia, India, China with S being added to the list in 2010 as South Africa joined the union …

China expresses unwillingness to participate in nuclear arms control talks along with the United States and Russia, due to its relatively smaller nuclear arsenal. That’s why it tries to promote a bilateral approach between the U.S. and Russia regarding the nuclear disarmament procedure and at the same time it promises to consider its participation in the negotiations when the two …

Besides the common culture, religion and social values, Morocco and Algeria maintain a mutual mistrust, a lack of political will and essential arguments over the Sahara, since their political independence in 1956 and 1962 respectively. They have competing narratives and lack of recognition for the other side. The long disputes that activate the tensions and conflict between them is the …

The COVID-19 outbreak has severely affected the global population by causing destructive outcomes to numerous aspects of our society. Many regions marked high numbers of victims, along with Africa, South Asia and Latin America, accounting for one of the largest global health crises after the Second World War. The incidents of this pandemic are constantly rising and it is necessary …

ASEAN, or the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is an economic union in Southeast Asia made up of ten member states that promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration between its members and other Asian countries. The major goal of ASEAN was to speed economic growth and, as a result, social and cultural development. …

Over the past two decades the ransomware attacks have been increased radically by moderating -at the same time- the operational procedure from a simple opportunistic exploitation to well orchestrated process. The main goal of ransomware is to extort money by targeting not only individuals, but companies as well through encryption of their data. The attackers hold the encryption key, which …

The People’s Republic of China is, to this day, the second largest world economy. And yet its currency, the Yuan, is still heavily influenced by the Dollar, the currency of a country which is perceived by the PRC as antagonist. However, as recently as April 2021, the PRC announced the experimentation of a digital version of the Yuan, the Digital …