Many Western African countries are still dealing with the legacy of French colonialism, that shaped their political structure and defined years of conflict and instability in the region. Recently, Niger has become the most recent country whose military seized control of the government, following countries such as Mali, Chad and Guinea, who were also French colonies.             Before Niger, …

The Kosovo War, a conflict that unfolded in the late 1990s, stands as a defining chapter in the turbulent history of the Balkans. In the context of Yugoslavia’s disintegration, the war erupted in the region of Kosovo, where tensions between the majority ethnic Albanian population and the Serbian government had been brewing for years. Armed resistance groups, like the Kosovo …

The ongoing ethnic and territorial dispute between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the Nagorno-Karabakh region has led to tensions in the South Caucasus region. The principles of self-determination and territorial integrity are at the centre of the conflict, with Armenia supporting the self-determination of the Nagorno-Karabakh region and Azerbaijan asserting its territorial integrity. The implementation of these legal frameworks and norms …

When mentioning child soldiers, one’s mind immediately imagines children’s recruitment in African armies or rebel groups. While this phenomenon in the African continent is real and still very common, the usage of child soldiers in wars is attributable to many countries around the world. The practice of enlisting minors in the armies may no longer be as widespread in many …

The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has been facing conflict for the past two decades. Following the Rwandan genocide of 1994, Rwanda and Uganda both invaded Congo to seek the perpetrators of the genocide, this resulted on a war breaking out from 1996-97 known as the First Congo war. From 1998-2003 the Second Congo War took place, the Congolese government …

Last year in April, Macron introduced government reforms for the Foreign Ministry of France, which represents the third-largest diplomatic network in the world following the US and China, leading to severe criticisms. These criticisms were followed by a diplomats’ strike, in social media known as #diplo2metier. 500 diplomats joined the strikes arguing that the reform is “a historical fault” and …

This article analyses the strategic consequences of the participation of Iran in the Ukraine war in allegiance with Russia and the opportunities and challenges this alliance brings to the balance of power in the Middle East and its various geo-political actors as well as the consequences of the latest drone strike done by Israel on Iran. The Russian-Iranian alliance only …

The Erdogan government is currently under extreme pressure since its economy is still in trouble with high levels of unemployment and the financial crisis creating a great amount of tension within Turkish society and the opposition parties blaming it on the refugees. It is also still dealing with its own Kurdish community and under such context Erdogan has chosen now …

Representatives of the Ethiopian government and of the Tigray People’s Liberation Front signed a cessation of hostilities agreement on the 2nd of November 2022, raising hopes for thousands of people facing a humanitarian catastrophe that began two years ago. The African Union welcomed the deal, saying that “the agreement marks an important step in efforts to silence the guns, and …

On May 2020, Chinese and Indian troops engaged in an open confrontation in a territory of the disputed border in the Himalayans which both countries claim as being theirs. For 40-days, the two sides engaged in a tense standoff, and on June 15, 2020, violent clashes ensued between the armed forces of both super-powers, with both sides using blunt weapons …