The peace process in Tibet ceased to be an internal affair of China from the moment when the Dalai Lama, the highest Tibetan authority, had to go into exile in 1959. Since 1959, China and Tibet have competed internationally to legitimize their own interpretation of history. The Chinese Government argues that Tibet lived under the extreme abuse of a feudal …

Holding advantageous and geostrategic location, Turkey is the land bridge from Europe to the Middle East, South Asia and even Africa. It is a powerful regional power in the Black Sea area, the Eastern Mediterranean, the Balkans, the Caucasus and the Middle East. During the times of Ottomans, the above-mentioned territories were under the control of Ottoman Empire what is …

After eight years of complex negotiations, in November 2020, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) signed what constitutes the world’s most important trade agreement: the Comprehensive Regional Economic Partnership (the RCEP), which includes China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand and the ten ASEAN economies (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam). The RCEP covers …

In January of this year, the three foreign ministers of Pakistan, Turkey and Azerbaijan issued a joint declaration in Islamabad with a comprehensive agenda for deepened future cooperation. The main message was to combat together ‘Islamophobia’, discrimination and persecution of Muslim minorities worldwide in regional and international formats. Also, the ministers agreed to exchange information, research, expertise and best practices, …

In order to appreciate the tensions in the seas encircling China’s east coast and the fundamental importance of Taiwan it is imperative to understand the geographical conditions and the resulting geopolitical consequences. The South China Sea stretches over an area of more than 3.6 million km2 with a mean depth of 1,212 m. The Chinese southern provinces of Guangxi and …

China’s campaign to incorporate Taiwan under its leadership has been a focus of tensions in the region for decades. Japan has been drawn into this wider conflict, as it is a littoral state of the East China Sea which borders Taiwan and China. Not only out of a historical rivalry between Beijing and Tokyo, the economic rise of the People’s …

In mid-June, the leader of North Korea, Kim Jong Un, publicly acknowledged that “the people’s food situation is getting tense” as the national agricultural sector had failed to meet its grain targets due to typhoons which caused flooding last year, destroying more than 40.000 hectares of cropland and approximately 16.860 (BBC, 2021; Bicker, 2021). Nevertheless, flooding worsened the already dire …

The Japanese government has decided to allow its military to help defend allies and other countries that are « in a close relationship » with Japan under so-called « collective self-defence ». Formerly, the official interpretation of the Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution limited the use of force to defending Japan.