The Sahelian country Chad, located in central northern Africa, has been in constant instability and conflict since its independence from France in 1960. The country is dealing with both internal and external challenges, usually interconnected. In addition to the power struggles and other internal rivalries that Chad is experiencing, it is surrounded by six countries that face severe turbulences. Conflicts …

In January 2011, South Sudanese voted through a referendum for their independence, with a nearly 99 percent vote in favor of secession. The period followed until South Sudan’s formal declaration of independence was difficult. At a time when violence was the norm and not the exception in both Sudan and South Sudan, the attacks along the north-south borders increased after …

Since November 2021, Congolese forces have been battling a resurgence of the M23 rebel group in the North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Though one of over 100 non-state armed militias currently active in eastern DRC, the recent reemergence of M23 has exacerbated an already dire humanitarian situation and contributed to a rapid deterioration in …

Tigray, Ethiopia, is currently witnessing the worst humanitarian crisis in modern history, and half the world has not even heard about it. The region has been destabilized since November 2020, when the conflict between the Tigray People’s Liberation Front and the Government of Ethiopia began. The ongoing conflict has killed thousands and internally displaced millions of Ethiopians. An estimated 59,000 …

From the very beginning of 2013 international crisis management in Mali two missions saw the light of day : the multidimensional integrated stabilization mission of the United Nations (MINUSMA) and the EU training mission (EUTM). The latter is tasked with training and advising the Malian army to enable it to independently guarantee Mali’s security. By making the presence of foreign …

For the past 5 centuries, European countries have virtually taken on the self-granted mandate over the management and development of Africa, shaping the continent with the colonial legacies that still define many of the observable dynamics nowadays. Recent years, however, have seen the rise of new global players who have made it their task to challenge the existing order by …

On the 17th and 18th of February, the European leaders of the Member States of the European Union greeted over 40 African leaders in a long-awaited summit, postponed from 2020 due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. The summit was intended to lay further grounds in the areas of common cooperation and encourage foreign investment in Africa, especially following the growing Chinese …

Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia have been at odds for more than a decade over a dam that Addis Ababa is building on the Blue Nile, the Nile River’s primary tributary. In this regard, In an indirect reference to the dispute over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam(GERD) at the sidelines of the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly on …

In 2009 Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali and the Democratic Constitutional Rally were dominating the political life in Tunisia by using threats of terrorism and religious extremism as one of the means to put pressure and to dissuade peaceful dissent coming from other parties, in order to install an effective policy of terror, when Ali was elected, he designed laws with …

Morocco and Algeria have been rivals for decades since the end of the Spanish and French protectorates in Morocco (1956) and the independence of Algeria between 1954-1962. The first, Morocco, a parliamentary monarchy that has resolved its fit with rising Islam through the political-religious figure of King Hasan. The second, Algeria, a republic of socialist origin that has been veering …